GB/T 36507-2023 (English Version)

Standard No.: GB/T 36507-2023
Language: Chinese, English version preview
Release Date: 2023
Published By: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People‘s Republic of China
Latest: GB/T 36507-2023
Replace: GB/T 36507-2018

Scope: This document specifies the safety requirements for the use, operation, maintenance, transportation, towing, assembly, storage and modification of industrial vehicles (hereinafter referred to as "vehicles") as defined in ISO 5053-1. This document applies to the following vehicle types: a) Counterbalanced forklift; b) Reach forklift (with retractable mast or fork carriage); c) Insert-leg forklift; d) Pallet stacker; e) Platform stacker; f) Double-deck stacker; g) Side forklift (single side); h) Side stacker (both sides) and three-way stacker; i) Picking truck; j) Two-way and multi-directional forklifts; k) Counterbalanced container stackers; l) Articulated counterbalanced forklifts; m) Telescopic arm forklifts; n) Pallet trucks; o) Platform trucks; p) The traction force is not greater than 20000N Tractors; q) Cargo and personnel carriers; r) Vehicles powered by batteries, diesel, gasoline or gas (such as liquefied petroleum gas, compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas). This document also applies to the above-mentioned vehicles with autonomous functions or driverless functions.

Introduction

Core changes and scope of application of the standard

Key changes	Requirements of the 2018 version	New/modified content of the 2023 version
Operation environment monitoring	Not clearly required	Added clause 4.1.11, requiring users to establish an operation environment monitoring mechanism
Lithium-ion battery management	Not separately stipulated	Added chapter 5.1.3, clarifying 6 requirements such as mechanical damage identification and charger compatibility
Unmanned vehicles	Partial basic requirements	Added 12 targeted clauses including 4.6.1.19, covering programming configuration, load inspection, etc.

Analysis of key safety operation requirements

Battery management of electric vehicles

Chapter 5.1 of the standard proposes graded requirements for battery management of electric industrial vehicles:

General requirements: Charging/replacement must be performed by authorized personnel, and mixing of batteries of different qualities is prohibited (5.1.1.4)
Flooded lead-acid batteries: The charging area must be equipped with neutralization equipment, and no fire sources are allowed within 2.5 meters (5.1.2.2)
Lithium-ion batteries: Damaged batteries must be discontinued immediately, and the storage capacity must be maintained at ≥50% (5.1.3.5)

Solutions for Special Working Conditions

Ramp Operation Specifications (4.6.5)

In view of the fact that counterbalanced forklifts are prone to accidents when operating on slopes, the standard requires:

Must drive straight up and down, and diagonal operation is prohibited (4.6.5.1)
Downhill speed must not exceed uphill speed (4.6.5.2)
Wedges must be used to secure when unattended (4.6.5.3)

Appendix A specifically states: When the slope exceeds 10%, ride-on vehicles must have the load facing the uphill direction (after the original 2018 version deleted this limit, 4.6.5.6 was added as a supplement)

Maintenance and modification standards

Maintenance items	Technical requirements	Safety measures
Tire replacement	Pressure must be released first for split rims (9.2)	Use protective devices to inflate, and personnel must not stand directly in front of the tire
Hydraulic system	Check cylinder/valves/hoses regularly (9.17)	Pressure must be released before operation
Vehicle modification	Written approval from the manufacturer is required if stability is affected (8.2)	Permanent modification identification plate must be installed

Implementation Suggestions

Training System Construction

According to the requirements of Chapter 4.3, enterprises should establish a three-level training mechanism:

Basic training: covering 16 items such as vehicle characteristics and stability principles (4.3.2a)
Environmental adaptation: special training for special scenarios such as cold storage and narrow alleys (4.3.2b)
Annual refresher training: focus on strengthening key operations such as emergency descent devices (5.6.3)

Record preservation: all training files must be kept complete, including trainer qualification certificates (4.3.6)

GB/T 36507-2023 Referenced Document

ISO 3691-1 Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 1: Self-propelled industrial trucks, other than driverless trucks, variable-reach trucks and burden-carrier trucks — Amendment 2
ISO 3691-4 Industrial trucks — Safety requirements and verification — Part 4: Driverless industrial trucks and their systems*， 2023-06-01 Update
ISO 5053-1:2020 Industrial trucks — Vocabulary — Part 1: Types of industrial trucks
ISO 5057 Industrial trucks — Inspection and repair of fork arms in service on fork-lift trucks

GB/T 36507-2023 history

2023 GB/T 36507-2023 Safety regulations for the use, operation and maintenance of industrial vehicles
2018 GB/T 36507-2018 Industrial trucks.Safety rules for the application, operation and maintenance